A robot's random walk
Source: ICMC 2022 Round 2 P5
March 1, 2022
probabilityexpected valueICMCcollege contests
Problem Statement
A robot on the number line starts at . During the first minute, the robot writes down the number . Each minute thereafter, it moves by one, either left or right, with equal probability. It then multiplies the last number it wrote by , where is the number it just moved to, and is the number of minutes elapsed. It then writes this number down. For example, if the robot moves right during the second minute, it would write down .Find the expected sum of all numbers it writes down, given that it is finite.Proposed by Ethan Tan