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Prove this property

Source: 2019 Jozsef Wildt International Math Competition

May 19, 2020
set theorynumber theory

Problem Statement

For pp, qq, ll strictly positive real numbers, consider the following problem: for y0y \geq 0 fixed, determine the values x0x \geq 0 such that xplxqyx^p - lx^q \leq y. Denote by S(y)S(y) the set of solutions of this problem. Prove that if one has p<qp < q, ϵ(0,l1pq)\epsilon \in (0, l^\frac{1}{p-q}), 0xϵ0 \leq x \leq \epsilon and xS(y)x \in S(y), then xkyδ, where k=ϵ(ϵplϵq)1p and δ=1px\leq ky^{\delta},\ \text{where}\ k=\epsilon\left(\epsilon^p-l\epsilon^q\right)^{-\frac{1}{p}}\ \text{and}\ \delta=\frac{1}{p}