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2010 different ways as sum of powers of 2

Source: Germany Federal - Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik 2010, round 1, p4

April 10, 2020
power of 2Sum of powerscombinatorics

Problem Statement

Find all numbers that can be expressed in exactly 20102010 different ways as the sum of powers of two with non-negative exponents, each power appearing as a summand at most three times. A sum can also be made from just one summand.