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a pawn is moving on a strip of unit squares

Source: Dutch NMO 2000

October 22, 2005
geometrygeometric transformationinduction

Problem Statement

Consider an infinite strip of unit squares. The squares are numbered "1", "2", "3", ... A pawn starts on one of the squares and it can move according to the following rules: (1) from the square numbered "nn" to the square numbered "2n2n", and vice versa; (2) from the square numbered "nn" to the square numbered "3n+13n + 1", and vice versa. Show that the pawn can reach the square numbered "11" in a finite number of moves.