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ASU 303 All Soviet Union MO 1980 rearranging 5 digits into a sequence, [0,1]

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July 19, 2019
limitirrationalSequencealgebraDigits

Problem Statement

The number xx from [0,1][0,1] is written as an infinite decimal fraction. Having rearranged its first five digits after the point we can obtain another fraction that corresponds to the number x1x_1. Having rearranged five digits of xkx_k from (k+1)(k+1)-th till (k+5)(k+5)-th after the point we obtain the number xk+1x_{k+1}.
a) Prove that the sequence xix_i has limit.
b) Can this limit be irrational if we have started with the rational number?
c) Invent such a number, that always produces irrational numbers, no matter what digits were transposed.