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It is Just a Numbers Game

Source: Indonesian National Mathematical Olympiad 2024, Problem 4 (Day 1)

August 28, 2024
Game TheoryIntegerscombinatoricsnumber theoryInamo

Problem Statement

Kobar and Borah are playing on a whiteboard with the following rules: They start with two distinct positive integers on the board. On each step, beginning with Kobar, each player takes turns changing the numbers on the board, either from PP and QQ to 2PQ2P-Q and 2QP2Q-P, or from PP and QQ to 5P4Q5P-4Q and 5Q4P5Q-4P. The game ends if a player writes an integer that is not positive. That player is declared to lose, and the opponent is declared the winner.
At the beginning of the game, the two numbers on the board are 20242024 and AA. If it is known that Kobar does not lose on his first move, determine the largest possible value of AA so that Borah can win this game.