MathDB
Sequence satisfying sqrt inequality eventually alternates

Source: APMO 2020 Problem 2

June 9, 2020
APMO 2020

Problem Statement

Show that r=2r = 2 is the largest real number rr which satisfies the following condition:
If a sequence a1a_1, a2a_2, \ldots of positive integers fulfills the inequalities anan+2an2+ran+1a_n \leq a_{n+2} \leq\sqrt{a_n^2+ra_{n+1}} for every positive integer nn, then there exists a positive integer MM such that an+2=ana_{n+2} = a_n for every nMn \geq M.