MathDB
Average of consecutive terms at least 1

Source: China TST 2021, Test 2, Day 2 P5

March 22, 2021
inequalitiesalgebracombinatorics

Problem Statement

Let nn be a positive integer and a1,a2,a2n+1a_1,a_2,\ldots a_{2n+1} be positive reals. For k=1,2,,2n+1k=1,2,\ldots ,2n+1, denote bk=max0mn(12m+1i=kmk+mai)b_k = \max_{0\le m\le n}\left(\frac{1}{2m+1} \sum_{i=k-m}^{k+m} a_i \right), where indices are taken modulo 2n+12n+1. Prove that the number of indices kk satisfying bk1b_k\ge 1 does not exceed 2i=12n+1ai2\sum_{i=1}^{2n+1} a_i.