MathDB
Boxes and Balls

Source: Turkey National Mathematical Olympiad 2018

December 2, 2018
combinatorics

Problem Statement

Initially, there are 2018 distinct boxes on a table. In the first stage, Yazan and Bozan, starting with Yazan, take turns make 20162016 moves each, such that, in each move, the person whose turn selects a pair of boxes that is not written on the board, and writes the pair on the board.
In the second stage, Bozan enumerates the 40324032 pairs with numbers from 1,2,,40321,2,\dots,4032, in whichever order he wants, and puts kk balls in each boxes written contained in the kthk^{th} pair. Is there a strategy for Bozan that guarantees that the number of balls in each box are distinct?