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Prism which has the upper and inferior basis the pentagons

Source: IMO LongList 1979 - P12

September 15, 2010
geometry3D geometryprismcombinatoricspentagonIMO ShortlistIMO Longlist

Problem Statement

We consider a prism which has the upper and inferior basis the pentagons: A1A2A3A4A5A_{1}A_{2}A_{3}A_{4}A_{5} and B1B2B3B4B5B_{1}B_{2}B_{3}B_{4}B_{5}. Each of the sides of the two pentagons and the segments AiBjA_{i}B_{j} with i,j=1,,5i,j=1,\ldots,5 is colored in red or blue. In every triangle which has all sides colored there exists one red side and one blue side. Prove that all the 10 sides of the two basis are colored in the same color.