MathDB
a function on sequences

Source: Miklos Schweitzer 2020, Problem 1

December 1, 2020
functionnumber theoryanalysis

Problem Statement

We say that two sequences x,y ⁣:NNx,y \colon \mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{N} are completely different if xnynx_n \neq y_n holds for all nNn\in \mathbb{N}. Let FF be a function assigning a natural number to every sequence of natural numbers such that F(x)F(y)F(x)\neq F(y) for any pair of completely different sequences xx, yy, and for constant sequences we have F((k,k,))=kF \left((k,k,\dots)\right)=k. Prove that there exists nNn\in \mathbb{N} such that F(x)=xnF(x)=x_{n} for all sequences xx.