MathDB
2019 Saint Petersburg Grade 11 P6

Source: Saint Petersburg 2019

April 14, 2019
combinatorics

Problem Statement

Supppose that there are roads ABAB and CDCD but there are no roads BCBC and ADAD between four cities AA, BB, CC, and DD. Define restructing to be the changing a pair of roads ABAB and CDCD to the pair of roads BCBC and ADAD. Initially there were some cities in a country, some of which were connected by roads and for every city there were exactly 100100 roads starting in it. The minister drew a new scheme of roads, where for every city there were also exactly 100100 roads starting in it. It's known also that in both schemes there were no cities connected by more than one road. Prove that it's possible to obtain the new scheme from the initial after making a finite number of restructings.
(Т. Зубов)
Thanks to the user Vlados021 for translating the problem.