2019 Saint Petersburg Grade 11 P6
Source: Saint Petersburg 2019
April 14, 2019
combinatorics
Problem Statement
Supppose that there are roads and but there are no roads and between four cities , , , and . Define restructing to be the changing a pair of roads and to the pair of roads and . Initially there were some cities in a country, some of which were connected by roads and for every city there were exactly roads starting in it. The minister drew a new scheme of roads, where for every city there were also exactly roads starting in it. It's known also that in both schemes there were no cities connected by more than one road.
Prove that it's possible to obtain the new scheme from the initial after making a finite number of restructings. (Т. Зубов)Thanks to the user Vlados021 for translating the problem.