MathDB
2017 Chile Classification / Qualifying NMO Juniors XXIX

Source:

October 11, 2021
algebrageometrynumber theorycombinatoricschilean NMO

Problem Statement

p1. Inside a rectangle a point PP is marked. Segments are drawn that join the vertices with PP. In an alternate way, the sectors that are formed are colored. Show that the sum of the areas of the painted sectors is equal to the sum of the unpainted sectors.
p2. Determine the smallest integer nn such that the decimal representation of 15n15\cdot n has only 00 and 22.
p3. Find all functions f:ZZf:Z \to Z with the property that for every pair of integers x,yx,y the equation holds f(x+f(f(y)))=y+f(f(x))f(x + f(f(y))) = y+ f(f(x))
p4. Calculate the maximum number of different paths that can be built on a pool table to match two balls with a 33-cushion shot. No ball is touching a band. A band is defined when a ball bounces off one side of the table, with the angle of incidence equal to the angle of departure. A path in two bands is shown in the following figure: https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/9/b/e3e4be3b7f127f61f07be48bfc5ff4ac810e20.jpg
PS. Juniors p1 was also [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4h2691326p23361117]Seniors p1.