Numbers around a circle
Source: Russia 95
December 15, 2006
rationumber theoryprime factorization
Problem Statement
Is it possible to place different natural numbers along a circle so that for any two of these numbers, the ratio of the greatest to the least is a prime?
I feel that my solution's wording and notation is awkward (and perhaps unnecessarily complicated), so please feel free to critique it:
Suppose that we do have such a configuration . WLOG, . Then
Multiplying these all together,
Where is some product of the elements in a subset of . We clear denominators to get
Now, by unique prime factorization, the set is equal to the set . However, since there are a total of primes, this is impossible. We conclude that no such configuration exists.