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Bunndeswettbewerb Mathematik 1974 Problem 2.2

Source: Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik 1974 Round 2

October 13, 2022
combinatoricsweighing

Problem Statement

There are 3030 apparently equal balls, 1515 of which have the weight aa and the remaining 1515 have the weight bb with aba \ne b. The balls are to be partitioned into two groups of 1515, according to their weight. An assistant partitioned them into two groups, and we wish to check if this partition is correct. How can we check that with as few weighings as possible?