MathDB
Feeding Pokémon is hard

Source: IMO Shortlist 2023 A1

July 17, 2024
IMO Shortlistalgebra

Problem Statement

Professor Oak is feeding his 100100 Pokémon. Each Pokémon has a bowl whose capacity is a positive real number of kilograms. These capacities are known to Professor Oak. The total capacity of all the bowls is 100100 kilograms. Professor Oak distributes 100100 kilograms of food in such a way that each Pokémon receives a non-negative integer number of kilograms of food (which may be larger than the capacity of the bowl). The dissatisfaction level of a Pokémon who received NN kilograms of food and whose bowl has a capacity of CC kilograms is equal to NC\lvert N-C\rvert.
Find the smallest real number DD such that, regardless of the capacities of the bowls, Professor Oak can distribute food in a way that the sum of the dissatisfaction levels over all the 100100 Pokémon is at most DD.
Oleksii Masalitin, Ukraine