MathDB
Changing numbers on a blackboard to zeroes

Source: Czech-Polish-Slovak Match, 2011

August 9, 2011
invariantnumber theorygreatest common divisorinductioncombinatorics unsolvedcombinatorics

Problem Statement

Written on a blackboard are nn nonnegative integers whose greatest common divisor is 11. A move consists of erasing two numbers xx and yy, where xyx\ge y, on the blackboard and replacing them with the numbers xyx-y and 2y2y. Determine for which original nn-tuples of numbers on the blackboard is it possible to reach a point, after some number of moves, where n1n-1 of the numbers of the blackboard are zeroes.