Perfect Deltas
Source: 2011 LMO Problem #3
September 21, 2011
combinatorics unsolvedcombinatorics
Problem Statement
Consider a sequence of equilateral triangles as represented below:
[asy]
defaultpen(linewidth(0.8));size(350);
real r=sqrt(3);
path p=origin--(2,0)--(1,sqrt(3))--cycle;
int i,j,k;
for(i=1; i<5; i=i+1) {
for(j=0; j. A triangle is called a delta if its vertex is at the top; for example, there are deltas in . A delta is said to be perfect if the length of its side is even. How many perfect deltas are there in ?