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sequence of lattice points with non-negative integer coordinates

Source: 1975 German Federal - Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik - BWM - Round 1 p1

November 20, 2022
analytic geometrycombinatorics

Problem Statement

In a planar coordinate system, the points have non-negative integer coordinates numbered according to the figure. E.g. the point (3,1)(3,1) has the number 1212. https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/a/a/28725d75f281ac4618129067037d751c8d8f83.png What is the number of the point(x,y)(x,y)?