MathDB
How many points can the frog miss?

Source: Benelux MO 2013

April 29, 2013
floor functioncombinatorics unsolvedcombinatorics

Problem Statement

Let n3n \ge 3 be an integer. A frog is to jump along the real axis, starting at the point 00 and making nn jumps: one of length 11, one of length 22, \dots , one of length nn. It may perform these nn jumps in any order. If at some point the frog is sitting on a number a0a \le 0, its next jump must be to the right (towards the positive numbers). If at some point the frog is sitting on a number a>0a > 0, its next jump must be to the left (towards the negative numbers). Find the largest positive integer kk for which the frog can perform its jumps in such an order that it never lands on any of the numbers 1,2,,k1, 2, \dots , k.