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MEMO 2010, Problem T-1: Increasing sequences

Source:

September 12, 2010
inductionalgebra solvedalgebra

Problem Statement

Three strictly increasing sequences a1,a2,a3,,b1,b2,b3,,c1,c2,c3,a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots,\qquad b_1, b_2, b_3, \ldots,\qquad c_1, c_2, c_3, \ldots of positive integers are given. Every positive integer belongs to exactly one of the three sequences. For every positive integer nn, the following conditions hold: (a) can=bn+1c_{a_n}=b_n+1; (b) an+1>bna_{n+1}>b_n; (c) the number cn+1cn(n+1)cn+1ncnc_{n+1}c_{n}-(n+1)c_{n+1}-nc_n is even. Find a2010a_{2010}, b2010b_{2010} and c2010c_{2010}.
(4th Middle European Mathematical Olympiad, Team Competition, Problem 1)