MathDB
GCD and arithmetic sequence

Source: 2023 Japan TST p1

July 21, 2023
number theoryarithmetic sequenceJapanTST

Problem Statement

Let nn be a positive integer with at least 44 positive divisors. Let d(n)d(n) be the number of positive divisors of nn. Find all values of nn for which there exists a sequence of d(n)1d(n) - 1 positive integers a1a_1, a2a_2, \dots, ad(n)1a_{d(n)-1} that forms an arithmetic sequence and satisfies the following condition: for any integers ii and jj with 1i<jd(n)11 \leq i < j \leq d(n) - 1, we have gcd(ai,n)gcd(aj,n)\gcd(a_i , n) \neq \gcd(a_j , n).