MathDB
Integer FE Again

Source: ISL 2020 N5

July 20, 2021
IMO Shortlistnumber theoryIMO Shortlist 2020functional equationnonnegative integers

Problem Statement

Determine all functions ff defined on the set of all positive integers and taking non-negative integer values, satisfying the three conditions:
[*] (i)(i) f(n)0f(n) \neq 0 for at least one nn; [*] (ii)(ii) f(xy)=f(x)+f(y)f(x y)=f(x)+f(y) for every positive integers xx and yy; [*] (iii)(iii) there are infinitely many positive integers nn such that f(k)=f(nk)f(k)=f(n-k) for all k<nk<n.